Rock damage and evolution is the basic reason for rock material failure; it is significant to determine the damage state for the security of the rock engineering. The rock will damage under external load, accompanied by a series of changes in physical and mechanical properties. By testing the changes, we can determine the damage state of rock and evaluate the damage degree. In this paper, we use uniaxial monotonous loading to detect the acoustic emission and ultrasonic wave velocity synchronously in the process of rock damage, and make comparative analysis on the variation law of acoustic emission and velocity with damage. It shows that rock damage process can be divided into several stages, and the acoustic emission and ultrasonic velocity variations exhibit different characteristics in different stages. The relative changes of ultrasonic velocity can be used to make stable and reliable identification of the rocks＇ ＂strengthening loading＂ and ＂weakening loading＂ ; the b-value during acoustic emission is more sensitive to the non-stable expansion of the fractures and can be considered as a warning parameter of rocks＇ instability; both the acoustic emission and the velocity have a memory in rock damage, and the acoustic emission and velocity variation under cycle loading can provide richer information on rock damage. These results can be used to guide the quantitative evaluation for rock or concrete damage and safety evaluation in rock engineering.[著者文摘]