地震预警是建立在高密度地震台网基础上的新技术,本文就地震预警的一些基本概念、关键技术、预警效果、预警部署及其在防震减灾方面的作用等进行了讨论,指出了地震预警存在的问题,以及需要研究的方向,并首次提出了预警能力、预警无效区、预警受益区、预警反应时间的概念。地震预警能力受预警系统的制约,实际地震预警能力除与台网密度、预警模式、自动处理系统、数据传输模式、发布系统等因素有关外,还与地震破裂性质有关。同时强调地震预警部署是复杂的社会工程,需要全社会的共同参与。

Earthquake Early Warning is a new technology which is based on high density seismic network． In this paper，the authors discussed some of the basic concepts，key technologies， early-warning results and early-warning deployment，and its role in the aspect of earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation． This paper points out the existing problems of Earthquake Early Warning and the research directions． The paper puts forward for the first time the concepts of early warning capacity，early warning invalid region，early warning benefit area，and early warning response time． Earthquake Early Warning capacity is constrained by early warning system． Besides the network density，early warning model，automatic processing system，data transmission mode，and information distribution system，the actual Earthquake Early Warning capacity is related to the nature of earthquake rupture． The paper emphasizes that the earthquake warning deployment is a complex social engineering，and it requires the participation of the whole society．

地震局行业专项《地震烈度速报与预警技术系统标准体系研究与信息服务系列标准研制》资助项目