Earthquake mitigation institutions played an important role in controlling the social risk caused by earthquakes in the National Significant Seismic Monitoring and Protection Regions． According to the literature review，we investigated the institution design in the National Significant Seismic Monitoring and Protection Regions，collected and organized the reinforced measures and governmental functions， and pointed out the institutional deficiency． Finally， we gave recommendations that central and local governments should strengthen their social managements and public services．