The implementation of earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation is the major research object in this article． China Earthquake Administration promoted twice national questionnaire survey about the National Significant Seismic Monitoring and Protection Regions (NSSMPR) ． According to the questionnaires，we compared fourteen detailed indexes． These indexes are extracted from six aspects，which are institutional framework，appropriation budget， monitoring and forecasting，earthquake disaster prevention，emergency rescue and publicity and education． Then we compared the survey results between 2007 and 2012，those between NSSMPR counties and non-NSSMPR counties，and those between NSSMPR counties and the national mean level． We summarized the implementing situation and the causes of National Significant Seismic Monitoring and Protection Regions system on county-level in Shandong Province． Finally，we proposed policy suggestion to promote the National Significant Seismic Monitoring and Protection Regions system．