Based on two large-scale questionnaire surveys organized by China Earthquake Administration in 2007 and 2012 among the National Significant Seismic Monitoring and Protection Regions，the paper took the county level administrative departments in charge of earthquake monitoring and precaution in 9 provinces of Eastern，Central and Western China as research objects，and compared 16 indicators in 5 aspects of the organization and funds safeguard， monitoring and forecasting ability， engineering defense capability， emergency readiness capability，publicity and education． The paper analyzed the implementation of significant seismic monitoring and protection regions system on time scales． The results showed that almost all the indexes have different degrees of increase． In addition，this paper also points out some existing problems in local earthquake prevention and disaster reduction，and makes suggestions for improvement．