In this study,we collected the waveform data of 4423 local earthquakes recorded by regional seismic stations in the intersection area of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia during the period from 2009 to 2018. The attenuation model of the crust beneath the study area was constructed by using two-dimensional seismic attenuation tomography,and the relationships between distribution of Q_S values and active faults and strong earthquakes were analyzed and discussed. The results show that there is a significant lateral heterogeneity in Q_S distribution in the study area,namely,the Q_S values in the Haiyuan-Liupanshan tectonic belt and Xiqinling tectonic zone are relatively low,and the Q_S values in the Ordos Basin and Longzhong Basin are relatively high. Furthermore,the Q_S values in the active faults and the intersection area are low,which might be due to the fact that the crustal rocks in the active fault zone and the intersections are relatively broken and rich in fluids. The M≥6.0 earthquakes are basically located in the low-Q_S region or their margins in historical record,which may be due to the accumulation of seismic strain energy on the intersection zone of “hard” and “soft” crust media. The main distribution characteristics of the low Q_S values are consistent with that of the low S-wave velocity and the low resistivity in the study area,but there exist regional differences between the low-Q_S region and the low terrestrial heat flow zone.