Earthquake prevention and disaster reduction represent vital components of public security and integral facets of the new security paradigm,with their primary framework governed by the “Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction Law.” In recent years,China has diligently worked towards establishing this new security framework,progressively refining the infrastructure for major security and emergency response. Consequently,significant conceptual innovations and institutional reforms have unfolded within earthquake prevention and disaster reduction practices. While the existing law has been in effect for over a decade,playing a pivotal role in enhancing the nation's earthquake disaster preparedness,several challenges persist. These include a lack of alignment with emerging concepts,outdated provisions,operational difficulties in certain clauses,and relatively lenient legal accountability,all of which fail to adequately address current demands. This study asserts that timely amendments and enhancements to the “Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction Law” are imperative. This involves embracing concepts of risk management and social governance,addressing societal needs and institutional reform imperatives,filling regulatory gaps,fortifying international provisions,augmenting legal framework comprehensiveness,and intensifying penalties for non-compliance. Through these measures,the aim is to continually enhance public security governance standards and bolster earthquake prevention and disaster reduction capabilities within the new security framework.