On January 23,2024,a M_S7.1 earthquake struck Wushi,Xinjiang. The epicenter was located within the potential risk area identified in the annual earthquake hazard map published by the China Earthquake Administration and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Earthquake Administration. Medium-term and short-term prediction had been made prior to the event. This paper summarizes the anomalies in seismic activity and geophysical observations leading up to the earthquake. The key findings are as follows: ①Prior to the earthquake,notable anomalies were observed,including seismic quietness,banding,enhancement,high-frequency events,b-value changes,and source consistency. These indicators provided effective predictions for long-,medium-,and short-term forecasting. ②Abnormal geophysical phenomena,such as ground tilt,gravitational changes,elevated fault gas radon levels,bedrock temperature variations,and geomagnetic shifts,were detected before the earthquake. These anomalies were particularly pronounced in the short-to medium-term and showed strong correlations in terms of spatial,temporal,and intensity parameters. ③ No significant anomalies were observed macroscopically prior to the earthquake,but two cases of unusual animal behavior were recorded afterward. A comprehensive analysis reveals that the Wushi M_S 7.1 earthquake was preceded by distinct short-term anomalies in both seismic activity and geophysical monitoring. These anomalies enabled accurate predictions in terms of timing,location,and magnitude. The geophysical indicators showed significant abnormal changes before the event,with regional anomalies progressively converging toward the epicenter in the short term. Based on these observations,the Xinjiang Earthquake Administration promptly informed the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region government,facilitating effective disaster mitigation measures.