Geoelectric field observation plays a vital role in monitoring the Earth's electromagnetic environment and in predicting seismic and volcanic hazards. The configuration of geoelectric field instruments is particularly important for cross-validating observational results. Overall, optimized deployment of geoelectric field observation systems can improve the accuracy of detecting electromagnetic anomalies potentially associated with earthquakes. This study presents the design of a novel geoelectric field observation system, outlines its electrode deployment principles, and analyzes experimental deployment and data collected in Gaotai, Gansu Province. The experimental results indicate that: (1) the Gaotai system operates stably and produces reliable data; (2) the device effectively captures regional characteristics of natural electric fields within a 360° range around the central electrode; (3) the system facilitates quasi-separation of natural electric fields and telluric currents, with telluric current variations consistent with those obtained using conventional electrode configurations; (4) the system allows rapid evaluation of electrode stability at individual measurement points.