本文整理统计了2023年中国5.0级（含）以上地震目录，总结归纳2023年度中国大陆地震灾情信息和震害特点。结合有关省（自治区、直辖市）地震局的地震灾害评估报告等资料，列举典型震例的灾害损失结果和地震灾害特点。通过综合对比近20年来中国大陆地区历史地震灾情数据，分析灾害性地震发震频次和地震伤亡人数的年际变化，得出2023年中国地震灾害损失较重，损失较为集中，房屋损坏、人员避险不当，以及次生地质灾害是人员伤亡的主要原因。

It summarizes the earthquake disaster information and main characteristics of mainland China by compiling a catalog of earthquakes of magnitude 5.0 (or above) in 2023. Combining information such as the earthquake disaster assessment reports of the seismological bureaus of the relevant provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), the results of earthquake disaster losses and the characteristics in typical earthquake cases are listed. By comprehensively comparing the historical earthquake disaster data in mainland China over the past 20 years and analyzing the interannual changes in the frequency of earthquakes and the number of casualties, it is concluded that the earthquake disaster losses in China in 2023 are heavier and more concentrated, with housing damages, inappropriate evacuation of people, and secondary geologic hazards being the main reasons for the casualties.

河北省地震灾害防御与风险评价重点实验室开放基金-面上基金项目（FZ223101）资助